In many species the male seems to defend the communication by adding self-produced imitations of a female response. In katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigonioidea) of the subfamily Phaneropterinae females ready to mate initiate a duet, announcing her position to the male singer, but also potentially to eavesdropping rivals. foreli might have evolved to employ elastic energy to double the duration of the call, despite possessing muscles that can reach velocities high enough to produce the same frequency without the help of elastic energy. This is characteristic of the elastic scraper mechanism of stridulation. Analysis of recordings revealed no clear relationship between wing velocity and carrier frequency, and a pronounced distinction between wing velocity and scraper velocity during wing closure, suggesting that the scraper experiences considerable deformation. micro-scanning laser Doppler vibrometry, advanced microscopy, ultrasound-sensitive equipment and optical motion detectors) to quantify wing mechanics and structure. The calling behaviour and wing mechanics of seven males were studied using a combination of technologies (e.g. It was predicted that this species will use a stridulatory mechanism involving elastic energy whereby the scraper bends and flicks along the file in periodic bursts. This study aims to measure and quantify the mechanics of wing stridulation in Nastonotus foreli, a Neotropical katydid that can produce, relatively narrowband calls at ≈20 kHz.
This mechanism is exhibited by many Pseudophyllinae, such as Nastonotus spp., Cocconotus spp., Triencentrus spp. However, some species can conserve some purity in their calls despite incorporating discrete pulses and silent intervals.
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Katydids are known to stridulate with either sustained or interrupted sweeps of the file, generating resonant pure-tone (narrowband frequency) or non-resonant (broadband frequency) calls. The movement of the scraper across the file produces vibrations which are amplified by a large wing cell adjacent to the scraper, the mirror. During wing closure, a lobe on the anal margin of the right forewing (a scraper), engages with a tooth-covered file on the left forewing. Male Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) rub together their specialised forewings to produce sound, a process known as stridulation. The literature and new distribution data are gathered and presented. is regarded a synonym of Bicol-orana bicolor. bi-color (Philippi, 1830) and Modestana modesta (Fieber, 1853). The morphology, morphometrics and bioacoustic data of the species are compared with those of the closely related B. An improved description is presented showing some variability of certain morphological characters. Historical review of this species' taxonomy is given. kraussi is designated and deposited in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden, the Netherlands). which is moved into genus Bicolorana Zeuner, 1941. became a synonym of Bicolorana kraussi (Padewieth, 1900) comb. It was found to be the same as Bicolorana kuntzeni (Ramme, 1931), thus B. After systematic field studies the species was found only three kilometres from Padewieth's locus typicus, in Francikovac near Senj (Croatia). In this paper we deal with a not well known orthopteran species described from Croatia-Krauss' bush-cricket, Platycleis kraussi Padewieth, 1900 with unknown type series.
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